ABSTRACT
RESUMEN Objetivo Caracterizar las muertes maternas en el departamento de Santander y las demoras que contribuyeron a dichas muertes, durante los años 2012 a 2015, mediante los análisis de las atenciones en salud, con el fin de ofrecer un insumo que permita plantear acciones para disminuir desenlaces fatales. Materiales y Métodos Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, de corte transversal, en el cual se determinaron las características de la mortalidad materna en las mujeres gestantes o en puerperio a quienes se les realizaron unidades de análisis completas y que no fueron por causas externas o violentas. Resultados La demora que más se presentó en los 49 casos de muertes maternas fue la tipo IV relacionada con recibir un tratamiento médico adecuado y oportuno (87,8%), debido principalmente a deficiencias en los servicios de promoción y prevención (63,2%). La mayor parte de las muertes fueron evitables (61,2%), en el puerperio (84%) y en usuarias del régimen subsidiado (57,1%). Conclusiones Las mujeres afiliadas al régimen subsidiado presentaron mayor frecuencia del evento, lo cual refleja que existen importantes oportunidades de mejora en la atención que se brinda a las gestantes en el régimen subsidiado.(AU)
ABSTRACT Objective To characterize maternal deaths in the department of Santander, Colombia, and the delays that contributed to these deaths during the period 2012-2015, through a systematic review of health care, in order to offer an input that allows proposing actions that contribute to reduce these fatal outcomes. Materials and Methods Descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study that determines the characteristics of maternal mortality in pregnant or postpartum women who were administered complete analysis units and whose death was not caused by external or violent causes. Results The most frequent delay in the 49 cases of maternal deaths was type IV, which refers to the delay in receiving adequate and timely medical treatment (87.8%), mainly due to deficiencies in promotion and prevention strategies (63.2%). The majority of the deaths were avoidable (61.2%) in the puerperium (84%), and in users of the subsidized insurance scheme (57.1%). Conclusions Although 98% of mothers were affiliated to the health system (subsidized, contributory, special or exceptional schemes), it was possible to demonstrate that women who were affiliated to the subsidized regime showed a greater frequency of the event, which reflects that there are important opportunities for improvement in the care provided to pregnant women in this type of scheme.(AU)